Tanshinone ⅡA induces apoptosis via JNK signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma HOS cells

AIM: To explore the effect of tanshinone ⅡA on human osteosarcoma HOS cells and the underlying mechanism.METHODS: The cell viability and the appropriate dose of tanshinone ⅡA were determined by CCK-8 assay. Colony formation assay and Transwell assay were used to investigate the proliferation and migration abilities of the HOS cells treated with tanshinone ⅡA. The apoptosis of the HOS cells was monitored by Hoechst 33258 staining, transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The protein levels of apoptosis-related molecules and JNK signaling-associated proteins were determined by Western blot. Meanwhile, a JNK inhibitor was added for confirming the relationship between the pathway and apoptosis mentioned above.RESULTS: Tanshinone ⅡA inhibited both HOS cell proliferation and migration in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Exposure of the HOS cells to tanshinone ⅡA resulted in the activation of apoptosis. Tanshinone ⅡA treatment increased the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bax and JNK signaling-associated proteins, and decreased the protein level of Bcl-2, which were reversed by JNK inhibitor SP600125. Moreover, the result of CCK-8 assay revealed that tanshinone ⅡA-induced cell death was alleviated by JNK inhibitor.CONCLUSION: Tanshinone ⅡA induces cell growth inhibition and the activation of apoptosis via JNK signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma HOS cells.     

Inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis by tanshinone ⅡA in C6 cells

AIM: This study was designed to investigate the inhibition of tanshinone ⅡA on C6 glioma cell line and its mechanism. METHODS: MTT was used to measure the levels of the proliferation of C6 cultured with tanshinone ⅡA at different concentrations. The effects of tanshinone ⅡA on cell cycle of C6 were observed by FCM. The change of DNA was observed by Sepharose electrophoresis. The expression of proto-oncogenes c-myc was measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The proliferation of C6 was obviously inhibited by tanshinone ⅡA in a dose-dependent manner. The outcome of FCM showed that the apoptotic cell rate was 7.7%, when cultured with tanshinone ⅡA at 1.0 mg/L for 3 days. The apoptotic cell rate was 21.6%, when cultured with tanshinone ⅡA at 2.0 mg/L in 3 days. CONCLUSION: Tanshinone ⅡA inhibits the proliferation of C6 cells, induces apoptosis and inhibits the expression of proto-oncogene c-myc.     

施肥对丹参产量及丹参根主要有效成份含量的影响

研究了苏北中药材种植基地常用有机肥及化肥对丹参产量和丹参根主要有效成份丹参酮ⅡA、丹参酮Ⅰ、隐丹参酮、丹酚酸B含量的影响。结果表明,施肥可以提高丹参根产量,影响三种丹参酮及丹酚酸B的含量。有机肥对丹参产量和丹参酮、丹酚酸B含量的影响优于化肥,三种有机肥常规施肥水平处理均优于相对应的两倍施用量处理;三种有机肥中猪粪较菜籽饼和鸡粪更有利于丹参酮和丹酚酸B的累积。根膨大期的丹参根中三种丹参酮、丹酚酸B的含量高于成熟期。为了提高丹参产量,稳定其有效成分含量,建议大田生产中合理施用有机肥,适度密植,适当提早采收期。     

Effect of tanshinone ⅡA on liver lipid deposition and ferroptosis-related protein expression in ApoE-/- mice

AIM To observe the effect of tanshinone ⅡA on liver lipid deposition and ferroptosis-related protein expression in ApoE^-/- mice. METHODS Thirty-two ApoE^-/- mice were randomly divided into model group, high-dose (60 mg/kg) tanshinone ⅡA group, low-dose (30 mg/kg) tanshinone ⅡA group and simvastatin group, and C57BL/6J mice (n=8) were used as normal control group. The mice in normal control group were given the basic feeding, while the others were given high-fat diet. The mice in tanshinone ⅡA groups and simvastatin group were given corresponding drugs. The mice in normal control group and model group were intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of saline. Eight weeks later, the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were tested by automatic biochemistry analyzer. The liver tissues were stained with HE and oil red O. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) in liver tissues of the mice were measured by commercially available kits. The liver glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and p53 were detected by immunohistochemical method. The protein and mRNA expression levels of ferroptosis-related factors GPX4, xCT/SLC7A11, p53 and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) were determined by Wes automatic Western blot quantitative analysis system and RT-qPCR. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in model group were increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and HDL-C did not change significantly. The fat vacuoles were clearly visible in liver tissue. The content of ROS in liver tissue was increased significantly,and GSH was decreased significantly (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of p53 were increased significantly, and GPX4, xCT/SLC7A11 and FTH1 were decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group, tanshinone ⅡA significantly decreased the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-C (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and HDL-C did not change significantly. High-dose and low-dose tanshinoneⅡA also significantly decreased the degree of steatosis, and the size of lipid droplets. The content of ROS in liver tissues was decreased significantly, and GSH was increased significantly (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of GPX4, xCT/SLC7A11 and FTH1 were increased significantly, and p53 were decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION Tanshinone ⅡA reduces liver lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation damage in ApoE^-/- mice, which may be related to the intervention of ferroptosis-related proteins in the liver cells.     

低聚壳寡糖植物生长调节剂对丹参生长及次生代谢产物的影响

[目的]研究低聚壳寡糖植物生长调节剂对丹参（Salvia miltiorrhiae Bge.）生长及次生代谢产物的影响。[方法]采用拌种加叶喷等方法施用不同浓度低聚壳寡糖植物生长调节剂,观察丹参生长情况及对次生代谢产物丹参酮IIA含量的累积变化情况。[结果]低聚壳寡糖植物生长调节剂较显著地促进了丹参酮IIA含量的提高。适宜浓度的低聚壳寡糖植物生长调节剂能促进丹参植株及根系的生长。[结论]该研究对揭示低聚壳寡糖植物生长调节剂对丹参活性成分的累积效应形成和积累机制,以完善中药材质量调控与药用植物栽培的理论和技术体系,建立优质丹参的规范化栽培技术,同时对促进中药材规范化的优良种植都具有重要的价值和意义。     

基于HPLC法的丹参中丹参酮ⅡA的超声提取工艺优化研究

[目的]确定超声波法提取丹参（Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge）中丹参酮IIA的最佳提取工艺条件。[方法]以丹参药材为原料,在单因子试验基础上,采用正交试验对丹参酮IIA的超声波辅助提取工艺进行了优化,并用HPLC法测定了提取物中丹参酮IIA的含量。[结果]优化的提取条件为：在室温下,提取剂乙醇体积分数85%,提取时间30min,料液比（M：V）1：10,提取次数4次。在优化提取条件下,提取液中丹参酮IIA的含量可达到0.388%。[结论]用超声波法提取丹参酮IIA快速、高效、方便、节能,有利于规模化生产。     

激光照射对丹参愈伤组织中丹参酮ⅡA含量的影响

[目的]探索激光照射丹参（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）愈伤组织对丹参酮ⅡA含量积累的影响。[方法]以不同强度的激光分不同的时间,对丹参愈伤组织进行照射,后将丹参愈伤组织置于培养室中培养60d,采用HPLC法检测各处理中丹参酮ⅡA的含量,将处理组与对照组进行比较。[结果]各处理组与对照组中丹参酮ⅡA含量没有明显差异。[结论]激光照射对丹参愈伤组织中丹参酮ⅡA含量的积累没有明显促进作用。     

丹参药渣中丹参酮的提取研究

[目的]从水浸丹参和三七后药渣中提取丹参酮并确定丹参酮成分。[方法]采用有机溶剂法提取丹参药渣中丹参酮,以薄层层析法检测确定最佳提取溶剂;通过高效液相色谱法确定丹参药渣中丹参酮成分。[结果]乙醚为丹参药渣中提取丹参酮的最佳溶剂。水浸丹参和三七后干药渣,先经乙醇提取得到脂溶性提取物,再以乙醚为溶剂进行索氏提取,丹参酮混合物得率为2.17%;高效液相色谱法检测,丹参酮混合物中丹参酮ⅡA、次甲丹参醌、隐丹参酮、丹参酮I含量分别为3.62%、1.02%、2.56%、2.75%。[结论]丹参药渣中丹参酮成分与药材丹参基本一致,丹参药渣可以作为一种丹参酮资源,具有开发利用的价值。     

Effect of tanshinone IIA on expression of cell cycle regulators and proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells

AIM：To observe the effect of tanshinone IIA on the expression of cell cycle regulators and the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell line BX-PC-3. METHODS： The pancreatic cancer cell line BX-PC-3 was treated with tanshinone ⅡA at various concentrations for 48 h. The inhibition of proliferation was measured by MTT method. The change of the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The protein levels of cyclin A and cyclin D2 were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS：Tanshinoone IIA significantly inhibited the proliferation of BX-PC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The cancer cells were arrested in stage G0/G1 after treated with tanshinone IIA at low dose. The protein levels of cyclin A and cyclin D2 were decreased after drug intervention. CONCLUSION：Tanshinone IIA inhibits the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell line BX-PC-3 and the expression of cell cycle-promoting factors (cyclin A and cyclin D2), which may be the mechanism of attenuating the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells.     

Tanshinone IIA prevents high glucose-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell apoptosis

AIM: To investigate the effect of tanshinone IIA on the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) after high glucose treatment.METHODS: The cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The cell apoptotic rate was examined by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, and the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C(Cyt C) were analyzed by Western blotting.RESULTS: Tanshinone IIA significantly inhibited high glucose-induced decrease in cell viability and increased the cell apoptosis. Additionally, after tanshinone IIA treatment, Bax expression and the release of mitochondrial Cyt C were significantly inhibited, while Bcl-2 expression was increased.CONCLUSION: Tanshinone IIA prevents high glucose-induced endothelial cell apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent pathway.